One of the youngest states admitted to the Union in 1912 as 47th, encompasses the southwestern region of the USA. It borders Arizona to the west, Colorado and Utah to the north — making it a prominent member of the Four Corners area — plus Oklahoma to the east, Texas to the east and south, and Mexico to the south.
The 5th-largest state in America was inhabited for centuries before being established as a province of New Spain in 1598. Considering such a long existence, the history of New Mexico has a lot of interesting facts to present.
To start with, people were present in Taos Pueblo for at least 1,000 years, although analysis of the area suggests human habitats in the area are fifty centuries old.
If you drive 8,000ft to the top of Capulin Volcano, you can see Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Colorado, not to mention NM, in a “seriously stunning view.” Indeed, the landscapes and wildlife offer one of the most diverse outdoor adventure destinations in the world; not even the first-ever detonation of an atomic bomb on American soil, which occurred at the Jornada del Muerto in 1945, could not change that.
Moreover, New Mexico is the cradle of the Wilderness Act, landmark conservation legislation signed by Lyndon Johnson into law in 1964. To this day, close to seventy-five percent of state roads are unpaved.
Such a rural way of life also means the 36th-most populous state in America has way more cows than residents. Yet, it is home to the largest hot air balloon festival in the world held annually in Albuquerque.
But, if you get a chance to visit that one or any other festivity in New Mexico, pay attention not to indulge in dancing while wearing your sombrero; otherwise, you may end up in jail.
Quite in line with its natural diversity…
…the economy of Land of Enchantment depends on dryland farming, agriculture, cattle ranching, oil drilling, mineral extraction, wine production, and tourism. Those industries generated $104 billion gross domestic product in 2019, equaling 0.5 percent of the national annual GDP.
Equally so, such orientation played an important role in the gambling history of New Mexico.
Until the 1990s, betting on horse racing was the only available pastime to residents — introduced in 1947 — while other verticals remained prohibited by New Mexico Statutes.
Then, in 1994, future Governor Gary Johnson ran his election platform on the promise to establish a lottery and enable gaming compacts with Native American tribes. Upon entering the office, he kicked off land-based casinos and racinos, and the New Mexico Lottery started operations two years later.
All brick-and-mortar facilities offer slots, traditional table games, and poker rooms, while racetracks also may host one-armed bandits, in addition to on-track pari-mutuel horse wagering.
In 2009, charitable games of bingo, raffles, pull-tabs, and sweepstakes became lawful.
After the SCOTUS overturn of the PASPA in 2018, the state was among the first to legalize sports betting, authorizing tribal casinos and racetracks to conduct wagering operations.
In terms of iGaming…
…situation is rather interesting, if not somewhat murky.
New Mexico consider all forms of gambling illegal unless purposely exempted under the state legislation. Since there’s no law explicitly regulating interactive hubs, there are no state-regulated onshore operators. But, existing acts in force don’t prohibit iGaming either: No internet-based games are mentioned in any statutes.
Although no punters or operators have been prosecuted thus far, and offshore casinos continue to accept residents, it’s worth underlining that such settings put the onus on players.
Legal Framework
The majority of gambling-related matters are addressed by New Mexico Statutes (30-19-2, et seq. and 60-1A-1, et seq.), the state’s Bingo and Raffle Act, and, of particular importance for patrons — the Gaming Control Act.
The latter delves into all relevant details regarding casinos and their operations even though it does not address online gaming. Moreover, aside from a single legislative initiative to pass a DFS bill in 2015, no other attempts were made to tackle iGaming regulations.
The Gaming Control Act established the New Mexico Gaming Control Board (NMGCB) as the principal regulatory body in charge of the state’s gambling ecosystem.
The minimum legal age is 18 years for the lottery, and 21 for casinos, sports betting, and horse wagering.
All operators are subjectable to mid-level taxation, in the vicinity of twenty to twenty-six percent of GGR.
Close to sixty percent of all tax appropriations goes to the New Mexico General Fund. In doing so, the state joins other gambling markets in America that allocate significant taxation funds back to society.
Licensing
In light of the NMGCB’s purpose of “ensuring the citizens of New Mexico a fair and honest gaming environment,” available permits include several categories: Business, Limited Use Distributor, Non-Profit Gaming Operator, Key & Affiliated Persons, and Work Permits.
All business certifications are additionally segmented into three areas — Manufacturer’s License, Distributor’s License, Gaming Operator’s License (Racetrack) — which effectively covers all companies and individuals who manufacture, assemble, and distribute gaming devices or conduct gambling operations statewide.
As is the case with other regulated markets in America…
…applicants go through an extensive vetting process, which requires myriad business information and personal disclosures.
Other than a mandatory background check and gaming history data, aspiring individuals and operators need to provide numerous written answers to the NMGCB’s Licensing Division, including a separate Compulsive Gambling Assistance Plan they have in place.
All operators and personnel applying for business licenses have to pay variable fees and deposits:
- Manufacturers: $10,000 nonrefundable fee plus $10,000 background deposit;
- Distributors: $5,000 plus $5,000;
- Gaming Operators (Racetrack): $25,000 plus $25,000.
No more than 600 licensed gaming machines, including slots, may be present at any given racetrack. Aspiring licensees must also pay the fee of $100 per each of those devices.
Tribal casinos go through a similar process, though their fees vary depending on the annual adjusted net wins, ranging between $75,000 and $182,500 per year.
All license holders are subject to regular checks conducted by the Audit and Compliance Division of the Gaming Control Board, including annual inspections of venues and quarterly reviews of revenue sharing calculations.
Players’ Protection
To no surprise, considering such licensing and legal framework, responsible gambling ranks high in priorities of the NMGCB and legislators.
A quarter percent of gaming revenues from electronic devices in the state go toward statutory funding requirements to treat compulsive gamblers.
All licensees must alert patrons about local and statewide resources available to help through bilingual on-premise displays (in English and Spanish).
Operators’ advertising and marketing have to be approved by the Gaming Control Board.
Self-exclusion programs are also mandatory by New Mexico Statutes.
While these requirements apply to tribal establishments and racetracks, additional measures include casino certifications, anti-money-laundering requirements, and a ban on patrons’ credits in racinos.
Moreover…
…there are several organizations and 24/7 helplines present in the state, offering education and awareness services on responsible gambling, including the New Mexico Council on Problem Gambling, Gamblers Group for Native Americans, Gamblers Anonymous, the Compulsive Gambling Treatment Center, to name a few.
Final Notes
All in all, Land of Enchantment is a small and compact gaming market, predominantly run by Democrats.
As such, the state focuses on players’ safety as it balances revenue potentials and residents’ tastes for legalized gambling.
Such a niche position, if you will, might be entirely understandable, bearing in mind Nevada’s vicinity and potentials Las Vegas has to offer.
Online punters, on the other hand…
…should most certainly pay attention to foggy conditions surrounding regulations in New Mexico. As said, it’s not explicitly banned, but it’s neither green-lighted.
Therefore, please conduct your due diligence prudently and responsibly before deciding where to deploy your funds, especially in terms of offshore operators.
Once you do it, make sure to use all your skills and knowledge as you play according to your budget potentials, and have good luck!
And, if you get a chance to dance for whatever reason, make sure to leave your sombrero at the table.
Further Reading
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